Despite almost a century of research into this topic there is still a lack of understanding of the impact of noise on mental and physical health for diverse age, culture and ethnic groups. There is a pressing need for further research and quantification techniques to increase understanding of the health impacts of environmental noise and to drive policy change, in order to improve public health and reduce inequalities. There is also a clear need to include in this research the value of acoustic tranquillity, especially in urban areas, and the restorative benefits of green spaces on health and wellbeing.